Ed Wood (film)

Ed Wood

Theatrical release poster
Directed by Tim Burton
Produced by Tim Burton
Denise Di Novi
Written by Scott Alexander and Larry Karaszewski
Book:
Rudolph Grey
(Nightmare of Ecstasy)
Starring Johnny Depp
Martin Landau
Patricia Arquette
Sarah Jessica Parker
Jeffrey Jones
and Bill Murray
Music by Howard Shore
Cinematography Stefan Czapsky
Editing by Chris Lebenzon
Distributed by Touchstone Pictures
Release date(s) September 30, 1994 (1994-09-30) limited
October 7, 1994 (1994-10-07)
Running time 127 minutes
Country United States
Language English
Budget $18 million
Gross revenue $5,887,457[1]

Ed Wood is a 1994 American comedy-drama biopic directed and produced by Tim Burton, and starring Johnny Depp as cult filmmaker Edward D. Wood, Jr.. The film concerns the period in Wood's life when he made his best-known films as well as his relationship with actor Béla Lugosi, played by Martin Landau. Sarah Jessica Parker, Patricia Arquette, Jeffrey Jones, Lisa Marie Smith, and Bill Murray are among the supporting cast.

The film was conceived by writers Scott Alexander and Larry Karaszewski when they were students at the USC School of Cinematic Arts. Irritated at being thought of solely as writers for family films with their work on Problem Child and its sequel, Alexander and Karaszewski struck a deal with Burton and Denise Di Novi to produce the Ed Wood biopic, and Michael Lehmann as director. Due to scheduling conflicts with Airheads, Lehmann had to vacate the director's position, which was taken over by Burton. It would be Burton's first R-rated film.

Ed Wood was originally in development at Columbia Pictures, but the studio put the film in turnaround over Burton's decision to shoot the film in black-and-white. Ed Wood was taken to Walt Disney Pictures, who released the film under their Touchstone Pictures banner. The film was released to critical acclaim, but was not a box office success. Landau and Rick Baker, who designed Landau's prosthetic makeup, won Academy Awards for their work on the film.

Contents

Plot

In the early 1950s, Edward D. Wood, Jr. (Johnny Depp) is struggling to join the film industry. At a performance of his new play, The Casual Company, the press fail to turn up despite it being press night and there is only a handful of inattentive people in the audience. At a bar after the play Ed and his entourage are disheartened to read a scathing newspaper review of the play by Victor Crowley. Ed encourages them to stay positive and assures them that "we are doing great things!" Later though, Ed privately admits to his girlfriend, Dolores Fuller (Sarah Jessica Parker), that his fears that he may not be able to succeed in the industry.

At work on the lot of a production company, Ed reads an article in Variety that producer George Weiss (Mike Starr) is trying to purchase Christine Jorgensen's life story, Ed is inspired to meet Weiss in person. Weiss explains that Variety's announcement was a news leak, and it is now impossible for him to purchase Jorgensen's rights to make the movie. The producer decides to 'fictionalize' the film titled I Changed My Sex!, and "do it without the shemale". After his meeting with Weiss Ed is feeling down but he is elated when he meets his longtime idol, Béla Lugosi (Martin Landau), after spotting him trying out a coffin in a funeral parlor. Ed drives Béla home and the two become friends. Later, Ed decides to star Béla in the film and convinces Weiss that he is perfect to direct I Changed My Sex! because he is a transvestite.

Ed and Weiss argue over the film's title, Weiss has already had the poster printed, which Ed changes to Glen or Glenda. The shoot finishes on Glen or Glenda, and Ed is enthusiastic that he starred, directed, wrote and produced his own film just like his hero Orson Welles did when he made Citizen Kane. Glen or Glenda is released to critical and financial failure. Ed is unsuccessful in getting a job at Warner Bros., a producer there tells him Glen or Glenda is the worst film he has ever seen, but Ed's girlfriend, Dolores, tells him that he is not "studio material", and that he should find independent backers for his next film, "Bride of the Atom". Ed is unsuccessful in finding money for Bride of the Atom, but is introduced to the psychic The Amazing Criswell (Jeffrey Jones).

At a bar, Ed meets Loretta King (Juliet Landau), who he thinks has enough money to fund Bride of the Atom. Filming begins, but is halted. Ed convinces meat packing industry tycoon, Don McCoy, to take over funding the film. McCoy does so, but on the condition that film ends with a giant explosion, and that his son Tony, who "is a little slow", is the leading man. The filming of Bride of the Atom finishes, but Dolores and Ed break up after the wrap party, because of Ed's circle of friends and transvestism. Also, Béla, who is revealed to be highly depressed and a morphine addict, attempts to conduct a double suicide with Ed, but is talked out of it. Béla is put in rehab, and Ed eventually finds happiness when he meets Kathy O'Hara, who is visiting her father. Ed takes her on a date, and reveals to her his transvestism.

By 1956, Ed begins to shoot a film with Béla outside his home. Ed and company (along with Vampira from the Vampira Show) attend the premiere for Bride of the Monster, until an angry mob chases them out of the theater. Sometime later, Béla dies leaving Ed without a star. Around this time, Ed learns that his landlord, Reynolds, is trying to fund a series of religious-themed films about the Twelve Apostles for his Baptist Church. Ed convinces Reynolds that funding Ed's script for "Grave Robbers from Outer Space" would result in a box office success, and generate enough money to make all of the Twelve Apostles films. Dr. Tom Mason, Kathy's chiropractor, is chosen to be Béla's stand-in. However, Ed and the Baptists begin having conflicts over the title and content of the script which they want to have changed to Plan 9 from Outer Space along with Ed's B movie directing style, his casting decisions and his transvestism. This causes a distressed Ed to leave the set and immediately take a taxi to the nearest bar, where he encounters his idol Orson Welles (Vincent D'Onofrio). Welles tells Ed that "visions are worth fighting for", and filming for Plan 9 finishes with Ed taking action against his producers. One year later, on the evening of the preimer for Plan 9, Ed and Kathy take off to Las Vegas, Nevada to get married.

Cast

Vincent D'Onofrio makes a cameo appearance as Orson Welles. However, his voice was dubbed by Maurice LaMarche. The film also includes cameos from actors who worked with Wood on Plan 9 From Outer Space, Gregory Walcott and Conrad Brooks.

Production

Writers Scott Alexander and Larry Karaszewski conceived the idea for a biopic of Edward D. Wood, Jr. when they were students at the USC School of Cinematic Arts.[8] Alexander even proposed making a documentary about Wood, The Man in the Angora Sweater in his sophomore year at USC.[9] However, Karaszewski figured, "there would be no one on the planet Earth who would make this movie or want to make this movie, because these aren't the sort of movies that are made."[9] Irritated at being thought of solely as writers for family films for their work on Problem Child and Problem Child 2, Alexander and Karaszewski wrote a 10-page film treatment for Ed Wood and pitched the idea to Heathers director Michael Lehmann, with whom they were at USC film school.[8] The basis for their treatment came from Rudolph Grey's Nightmare of Ecstasy,[10] a full-length biography, which draws on interviews from Wood's family and colleagues.[11] Lehmann presented their treatment to his producer on Heathers, Denise Di Novi. Di Novi had previously worked with Tim Burton on Edward Scissorhands, Batman Returns and The Nightmare Before Christmas, and a deal was struck with Lehmann as director and Burton and Di Novi producing.[8]

Burton began reading Nightmare of Ecstasy and some of Wood's letters. He was taken by how he "wrote about his films as if he was making Citizen Kane, you know, whereas other people perceived them as, like, the worst movies ever".[11] Burton admits to having always been a fan of Ed Wood, which is why the biopic is filmed with an aggrandizing bias borne of his admiration rather than derision of Wood's work.[12] The relationship between Wood and Lugosi in the script echoes closely Burton's relationship with his own idol and two-time colleague, Vincent Price. He said in an interview, "Meeting Vincent had an incredible impact on me, the same impact Ed must have felt meeting and working with his idol."[13] Meanwhile, Burton had been asked to direct Mary Reilly for Columbia Pictures with Winona Ryder in the title role.[8]

However, Burton dropped out of Mary Reilly over Columbia's decision to fast track the film and their interest with Julia Roberts in the title role instead of Ryder. This prompted Burton to becoming interested in directing Ed Wood himself, on the understanding it could be done quickly.[8] Lehmann said, "Tim wanted to do this movie immediately and direct, but I was already committed to Airheads."[4] Lehmann was given executive producer credit. Alexander and Karaszewski delivered a 147-page screenplay in six weeks. Burton read the first draft and immediately agreed to direct the film as it stood, without any changes or rewrites.[8] Ed Wood gave Burton the opportunity to make a film that was more character-driven as opposed to style-driven. He said in an interview, "On a picture like this I find you don't need to storyboard. You're working mainly with actors, and there's no effects going on, so it's best to be more spontaneous."[14]

Initially, Ed Wood was in development with Columbia, but when Burton decided he wanted to shoot the film in black-and-white, studio head Mark Canton would not agree to it unless Columbia was given a first look deal.[15] Burton said black-and-white was "right for the material and the movie, and this was a movie that had to be in black-and-white". He insisted on total creative control, and so in April 1993, a month before the original start date, Canton put Ed Wood into turnaround. The decision sparked interest from Warner Bros., Paramount Pictures and 20th Century Fox in optioning the film rights, but Burton accepted an offer from Disney, who had previously produced The Nightmare Before Christmas. Similar to Nightmare, Disney distributed Ed Wood under their Touchstone Pictures banner. With a budget of $18 million, Disney did not feel the film was that much of a risk, and granted Burton total creative autonomy. Burton also refused a salary, and was not paid for his work on Ed Wood. Principal photography began in August 1993,[16] and lasted 72 days.[3] Despite his previous six-film relationship with Danny Elfman, Burton chose Howard Shore to write the film score. Burton admitted he and Elfman experienced "creative differences" during The Nightmare Before Christmas.[17]

Historical inaccuracies

When describing historical inaccuracies, Burton explained, "it's not like a completely hardcore realistic biopic. In doing a biopic you can't help but get inside the person's spirit a little bit, so for me, some of the film is trying to be through Ed a little bit. So it's got an overly optimistic quality to it."[8] Burton acknowledged that he probably portrayed Wood and his crew in an exaggeratedly sympathetic way, stating he did not want to ridicule people who had already been ridiculed for a good deal of their life. Burton decided not to depict the darker side of Wood's life because his letters never alluded to this aspect and remained upbeat. To this end, Burton wanted to make the film through Wood's eyes.[12] He said in an interview, "I've never seen anything like them, the kind of bad poetry and redundancy– saying in, like, five sentences what it would take most normal people one [...] Yet still there is a sincerity to them that is very unusual, and I always found that somewhat touching; it gives them a surreal, weirdly heartfelt feeling."[18]

Béla Lugosi is depicted as dying alone and miserable. Lugosi's wife of twenty years, Lillian, did leave him in 1953, but he remarried in 1955 to Hope Lininger. They were together until his death a year later. This, plus any reference to Lugosi's teenage son, Béla Jr., were omitted.[19] Burton biographer Ken Hanke criticized the depiction of Dolores Fuller. "The real Fuller is a lively, savvy, humorous woman," Hanke said, "while Parker's performance presents her as a kind of sitcom moron for the first part of the film and a rather judgmental and wholly unpleasant character in her later scenes."[19] During her years with Wood, Fuller had regular TV jobs on Queen for a Day and The Dinah Shore Show, which are not mentioned. Fuller criticized Parker's portrayal and Burton's direction, but still gave Ed Wood a positive review. "Despite the dramatic liberties, I think Tim Burton is fabulous. I wished they could have made it a deeper love story, because we really loved each other. We strived to find investors together, I worked so hard to support Ed and I."[19]

A key scene, where a discouraged and angry Wood (in drag) storms off the set of Plan 9 from Outer Space, drops into a randomly chosen bar for a drink, and runs into Orson Welles, whose words of encouragement inspire Wood to go back and finish the picture, was fabricated for the purpose of the film; though Wood may have admired Welles, there exists no evidence suggesting they had ever met.

There is also no mention of Wood's son, who was born prior to when this film was set.

Release

Ed Wood had its world premiere at the 32nd New York Film Festival at the Lincoln Center.[20] The film was then shown shortly after at the 21st Telluride Film Festival[21] and later at the 1995 Cannes Film Festival, where it was in competition for the Palme d'Or.[22][23]

Box office

Ed Wood had its limited release on September 30, 1994. When the film went into wide release on October 7, 1994 in 623 theaters, Ed Wood grossed $1,903,768 in its opening weekend [24]. The film went on to gross $5,887,457 domestically [24]. The movie grossed much less than the production budget of $18 million[25].

Reviews

Despite the film's low box office gross, Ed Wood went on to receive critical acclaim. Based on 55 reviews collected by Rotten Tomatoes, 91% of mainstream critics enjoyed Ed Wood, with an average score of 7.9/10.[26] By comparison, Metacritic collected an average score of 70/100, based on 19 reviews.[27] Roger Ebert gave a largely positive review: "Burton has made is a film which celebrates Wood more than it mocks him, and which celebrates, too, the zany spirit of 1950s exploitation films, in which a great title, a has-been star and a lurid ad campaign were enough to get bookings for some of the oddest films ever made."[28] Peter Travers of Rolling Stone presented Burton's decision with positive feedback on not making a direct satire or parody of Wood's life. "Ed Wood is Burton's most personal and provocative movie to date," he wrote. "Outrageously disjointed and just as outrageously entertaining, the picture stands as a successful outsider's tribute to a failed kindred spirit."[29]

Janet Maslin, writing in The New York Times, thought Johnny Depp "proved" himself as an established "certified great actor". "Depp captures all the can-do optimism that kept Ed Wood going, thanks to an extremely funny ability to look at the silver lining of any cloud."[30] Todd McCarthy from Variety called Ed Wood a "a fanciful, sweet-tempered biopic about the man often described as the worst film director of all time. Always engaging to watch and often dazzling in its imagination and technique, picture is also a bit distended, and lacking in weight at its center. The result is beguiling rather than thrilling."[31] Richard Corliss, writing in Time magazine, gave a negative review. "The script by Scott Alexander and Larry Karaszewski posits Wood as a classic American optimist, a Capraesque hero with little to be optimistic about, since he was also a classic American loser. That's a fine start, but the film then marches in clique chronological order." Corliss continued, "One wonders why this Burton film is so dishwatery, why it lacks the cartoon zest and outsider ache of Beetlejuice, Edward Scissorhands or Batman Returns."[32]

Awards and nominations

Ed Wood was nominated for three Golden Globes: Best Musical or Comedy, Johnny Depp for Best Actor in a Musical or Comedy and Martin Landau for Best Supporting Actor.[33] Landau won in his category.[34] Landau and Rick Baker won Academy Awards for their work on the film.[35][36] Landau also won Best Supporting Actor at the first Screen Actors Guild Awards. Scott Alexander and Larry Karaszewski were nominated for Best Screenplay Written Directly for the Screen by the Writers Guild of America, which was a surprise as few predicted that it would be considered.[37]

Home media

The DVD edition of Ed Wood initially had difficulty reaching store shelves in North America due to unspecified legal issues. It is worth noting that the initial release featured a featurette on tranvestites — not relating to the film or its actors in any way — which was removed from subsequent releases.[38] An initial street date of August 13, 2002 was announced[39] only to be postponed.[40] A new date of February 3, 2003 was set,[41] only for it to be recalled again without explanation, although some copies quickly found their way to collectors' venues such as eBay. The DVD was finally released on October 19, 2004.[42]

References

  1. ↑ Ed Wood - Box Office Mojo
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Gary Arnold (1994-10-02). "Depp sees promise in cult filmmaker Ed Wood's story". The Washington Times. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 John Clark (1994). "The Wood, The Bad, and The Ugly". Premiere. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Ken Hanke (1999). "Ed Wood in Hollywood". Tim Burton: An Unauthorized Biography of the Filmmaker. Renaissance Books. pp. 155–165. ISBN 1-58063-162-2. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Lawrence French (October 1994). "Playing Bela Lugosi". Cinefantastique: pp. 24–25. 
  6. ↑ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V-TAnzid1sQ
  7. ↑ Bob Thompson (1994-10-04). "Quirky Arquette Learns to Play Normal". Toronto Sun. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 Salisbury, Burton, pp. 128-130
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Chris Gore; Jeremy Berg (December 1994). "Ed or Johnny: The Strange Case of Ed Wood". Film Threat: pp. 36. 
  10. ↑ Rudolph Grey (1994). Nightmare of Ecstasy: The Life and Art of Edward D. Wood, Jr. Feral House. ISBN 0-922915-24-5. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Michael Dwyer (1994-12-10). "The Stuff Dreams are Made Of". The Irish Times. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Bob Thompson (1994-10-04). "Beyond the Fringe". Toronto Sun. 
  13. ↑ Edwin Page (2007). "Ed Wood". Gothic Fantasy: The Films of Tim Burton. London: Marion Boyars Publishers. pp. 128–142. ISBN 0-7145-3132-4. 
  14. ↑ Lawrence French (October 1994). "Tim Burton's Ed Wood". Cinefantastique: pp. 32–34. 
  15. ↑ Leonard Klady; John Evan Prook (1993-04-22). "Burton pic in turnaround as Col chairman balks". Variety. http://www.variety.com/article/VR106148. Retrieved 2008-11-28. 
  16. ↑ Salisbury, Burton, pp.131-136
  17. ↑ Salisbury, Burton, pp.137-144
  18. ↑ Gavin Smith (November/December 1994). "Tim Burton: Punching Holes in Reality". Film Comment: pp. 52–63. 
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 Hanke, Chapter 17: "Visions Worth Fighting For", p. 167—182
  20. ↑ William Grimes (1994-08-27). "New York Film Festival to Show its First Feature by Woody Allen". The New York Times. 
  21. ↑ Todd McCarthy (1994-09-12). "Telluride to Earth: Trouble Ahead". Variety. 
  22. ↑ "Festival de Cannes: Ed Wood". festival-cannes.com. http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/archives/ficheFilm/id/3378/year/1995.html. Retrieved 2009-09-03. 
  23. ↑ Jay Carr (1994-10-02). "Carving Out an Affectionate Look at Ed Wood". Boston Globe. 
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 Box Office mojo. "Ed Wood (1994) - Weekend Box Office Results - Box Office Mojo". http://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?page=weekend&id=edwood.htm. Retrieved 2009-12-16. 
  25. ↑ Theiapolis Cinema. "Ed Wood )1994) - Stats, Budget, Gross". http://cinema.theiapolis.com/movie-0TPY/ed-wood/stats/. Retrieved 2009-12-16. 
  26. ↑ "Ed Wood". Rotten Tomatoes. http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/ed_wood. Retrieved 2008-11-27. 
  27. ↑ "Ed Wood (1994): Reviews". Metacritic. http://www.metacritic.com/film/titles/edwood. Retrieved 2008-11-27. 
  28. ↑ Roger Ebert (1994-10-07). "Ed Wood". Chicago Sun-Times. http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19941007/REVIEWS/410070301/1023. Retrieved 2008-11-28. 
  29. ↑ Peter Travers (2000-12-08). "Ed Wood". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on January 05, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080105100524/http://www.rollingstone.com/reviews/movie/5947169/review/5947170/ed_wood. Retrieved 2008-11-28. 
  30. ↑ Janet Maslin (1994-09-23). "Film Festival Review; Ode to a Director Who Dared to Be Dreadful". The New York Times. 
  31. ↑ Todd McCarthy (1994-09-07). "Ed Wood". Variety. http://www.variety.com/review/VE1117903075.html?categoryid=31&cs=1. Retrieved 2008-11-28. 
  32. ↑ Richard Corliss (1994-10-10). "A Monster to Be Despised". Time. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,981561,00.html?iid=chix-sphere. Retrieved 2008-11-28. 
  33. ↑ Brian Lowry (1994-12-23). "Gump, Pulp Top Globe Noms". Variety. 
  34. ↑ "Golden Globe Winners". Variety. 1995-01-23. 
  35. ↑ "1994 Oscar Nominations". Variety. 1995-02-15. 
  36. ↑ Bob Thomas (1995-03-28). "Wiest, Landau Win Supporting Oscars". Ottawa Citizen. 
  37. ↑ Dan Cox (1995-02-10). "WGA Taps Quirky Pix". Variety. 
  38. ↑ Mike Restaino (2004-11-03). "Ed Wood (Special Edition)". DVDFile. http://www.dvdfile.com/reviews/review/ed-wood-special-edition-67. Retrieved 2008-02-08. 
  39. ↑ Peter M. Bracke (2002-06-03). "More Superbits; Buena Vista August title specs; Columbia unveils New Guy". DVDFile. http://www.dvdfile.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=4551&Itemid=15. Retrieved 2008-02-08. 
  40. ↑ Peter M. Bracke (2002-07-25). "Street date alert; Spock specs; New Criterion titles; more D-VHS from Fox". DVDFile. http://www.dvdfile.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=4585&Itemid=15. Retrieved 2008-02-08. 
  41. ↑ Peter M. Bracke (2003-11-05). "Ed Wood; Rain Man SE, more MGM; Warner TV on DVD". DVDFile. http://www.dvdfile.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=4521&Itemid=15. Retrieved 2008-02-08. 
  42. ↑ Peter M. Bracke (2004-07-14). "That's Entertainment! box; Ed Wood returns; Universal classic comedy". DVDFile. http://www.dvdfile.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=4321&Itemid=15. Retrieved 2008-02-08. 

External links

Tim Burton
Director
Pee-wee's Big Adventure (1985) · Beetlejuice (1988) · Batman (1989) · Edward Scissorhands (1990) · Batman Returns (1992) · Ed Wood (1994) · Mars Attacks! (1996) · Sleepy Hollow (1999) · Planet of the Apes (2001) · Big Fish (2003) · Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (2005) · Corpse Bride (2005) · Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (2007) · Alice in Wonderland (2010) · Frankenweenie (2012)
Producer
Edward Scissorhands (1990) · Batman Returns (1992) · The Nightmare Before Christmas (1993) · Cabin Boy (1994) · Ed Wood (1994) · Batman Forever (1995) · James and the Giant Peach (1996) · Mars Attacks! (1996) · The World of Stainboy (2000) · Corpse Bride (2005) · 9 (2009)
Short films
The Island of Doctor Agor (1971) · Stalk of the Celery Monster (1979) · Vincent (1982) · Frankenweenie (1984)
Literature
Burton on Burton, edited by Mark Salisbury (1995, revised editions 2000, 2006) · The Melancholy Death of Oyster Boy & Other Stories (1997) · The Art of Tim Burton, written by Leah Gallo (2009)
Edward D. Wood, Jr.
Feature films
directed
Glen or Glenda (1953) • Jail Bait (1954) • Bride of the Monster (1955) • Plan 9 from Outer Space (1959) • Night of the Ghouls (1959) • The Sinister Urge (1961) • Take it Out in Trade (1970) • Excited (1970) • The Only House in Town (1971) • Necromania (1971) • The Young Marrieds (1971)
Short films
directed
Trick Shooting with Kenne Duncan (1953) • Final Curtain (1957) • The Night the Banshee Cried (1957) •
Television films
directed
The Sun Was Setting (1951) • Crossroad Avenger: The Adventures of the Tucson Kid' (1953) • Boots (1953)
Films written,
not directed
The Violent Years (1956) • The Unearthly (1957) • The Bride and the Beast (1958) • Anatomy of a Psycho (1961) • Shotgun Wedding (1963) • Orgy of the Dead (1965) • One Million AC/DC (1969) • The Love Feast (1969) • The Venus Flytrap (1971) • The Undergraduate (1972) • Drop-Out Wife (1972) • Class Reunion (1972) • The Snow Bunnies (1972) • The Cocktail Hostesses (1973) • Five Loose Women (1974) • The Beach Bunnies (1976) • Hot Ice (1978)
Posthumous
films
Crossroads of Laredo (filmed 1948/released 1995) • Hellborn (filmed mid-1950s; released 1993) • Take it Out in Trade: The Outtakes (filmed 1970; released 1995) • I Woke Up Early The Day I Died (written 1970s; released 1998)
Related
articles
Béla Lugosi • The Golden Turkey Awards • Dolores Fuller • Conrad Brooks • Paul Marco • Tor Johnson • Vampira • Bunny Breckinridge • The Amazing Criswell • Stephen C. Apostolof • Ed Wood (biopic)